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📐 Grammar corner · 🌱 Level 1 · Beginner · Topic 1 of 20

el, la, un, una: gender

Every Spanish noun is masculine or feminine. The article (the / a) changes to match.

Most nouns ending in -o are masculine (el libro) and most ending in -a are feminine (la casa). Some useful patterns:

  • feminine: nouns ending in -ción, -sión, -dad, -tad, -tud (la canción, la ciudad).
  • masculine: most nouns ending in -or and -aje (el color, el viaje), and many ending in -ma from Greek (el problema, el idioma).
  • Exceptions to learn: el día, el mapa, el sofá (masculine) · la mano, la foto, la radio (feminine).

Feminine nouns starting with a stressed a- take el in the singular to sound better: el agua, el águila — but they stay feminine: el agua fría.

masculinefeminine
the (singular)el chicola chica
the (plural)los chicoslas chicas
a / someun chico · unos chicosuna chica · unas chicas

Examples

  • el librothe book
  • la canciónthe song
  • el problemathe problem
  • la manothe hand
  • una ciudad bonitaa beautiful city

✅ Exercises

9 exercises: choose the right answer or type the missing word. Score 70% to complete the topic.